The challenges associated with digital transformation extend beyond technological limitations or skills gaps; they also encompass organisational, cultural, and psychological barriers that limit researchers' and practitioners’ ability to engage meaningfully in digital learning innovation, contribute to collective knowledge creation, and produce impactful research outcomes.

As organisations transition into increasingly complex, network-based environments, traditional hierarchies and routines in HEIs struggle to support the rapid, interconnected demands of digital learning innovation. Cultural barriers between members of a project team with different specialities, backgrounds, or countries of origin further complicate collaboration in digital learning contexts. Successful collaboration depends on psychological safety, openness, shared values, and mutual accountability